New hope for melanoma brain metastases? early trial tests drug combos
NCT ID NCT04700072
First seen Jun 25, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time
Summary
This completed phase 1/2 trial tested the safety and effectiveness of pembrolizumab (Keytruda) alone or combined with other drugs (quavonlimab or lenvatinib) in 56 people with melanoma that had spread to the brain. Participants had not received steroids recently and were neurologically stable. The goal was to see if these combinations could shrink tumors better than current options.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) with or without quavonlimab or lenvatinib
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this could point toward better treatment options for melanoma that has spread to the brain.
- What could go wrong
- This is an early-phase trial with only 56 participants, so results may not apply to everyone. Some treatment arms were discontinued, and side effects are possible.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
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Phase 1/2
Runs two stages together: safety and dose first, then whether the treatment works.
- Participants
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56 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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May 2021
- Finished
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Oct 2025
- Lead sponsor
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A company
The lead sponsor is a pharmaceutical, biotech, or medical-device company.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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18 to 120 years
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * Has American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Stage IV, M1D melanoma * Is neurologically asymptomatic from brain metastases and has not received systemic corticosteroid therapy in the 10 days prior to beginning study intervention * If capable of producing sperm, male participants agree to the following during the intervention period and for at least the time needed to eliminate each study intervention after the last dose of study intervention. The length of time required to continue contraception for each study intervention is: * Lenvatinib: 7 days * Abstains from penile-vaginal intercourse as their preferred and usual lifestyle (abstinent on a long-term and persistent basis) and agrees to remain abstinent. OR * Uses contraception unless confirmed to be azoospermic * Female participants are not pregnant or breastfeeding and are either not a woman of child-bearing potential (WOCBP) OR use a contraceptive method that is highly effective or are abstinent from heterosexual intercourse during the intervention period and for at least 120 days after the last dose of pembrolizumab or pembrolizumab/quavonlimab, or 30 days after the last dose of lenvatinib, whichever occurs last * Has adequate organ function * Female participants agree to abstain from breastfeeding during the study intervention period and for at least the time needed to eliminate study intervention after the last dose of study intervention. The length of time required for each study intervention is: * MK-1308A: 120 days * MK-3475: 120 days * Lenvatinib: 30 days Exclusion Criteria: * Has a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving immunosuppressive therapy within 10 days before the first dose of study intervention * Has current or history of known leptomeningeal involvement * Has received stereotactic or highly conformal radiotherapy within 2 weeks before the start of dosing * Has clinically significant hemoptysis or tumor bleeding within 2 weeks prior to the first dose of study drug * Has untreated or unresolved intracranial hemorrhage from central nervous system (CNS) metastasis * Has an active infection requiring systemic therapy * Has a known additional malignancy that is progressing or requires active treatment within the past 2 years * Has ocular melanoma * Has an active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past 2 years * Has known history of immunodeficiency virus (HIV) * Has known history of hepatitis B or known hepatitis C virus * Has a history of (noninfectious) pneumonitis that required steroids or current pneumonitis * Has received prior systemic anticancer therapy within 4 weeks prior to randomization/allocation * Has a history of whole brain irradiation * Has received prior radiotherapy within 2 weeks of first dose of study intervention * Has had major surgery \<3 weeks prior to first dose of study intervention * Has received a live or live attenuated vaccine within 30 days prior to the first dose of study intervention * Has had an allogeneic tissue/solid organ transplant
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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A.P.H. Paris, Hopital Saint Louis ( Site 4107)
Paris, 75010, France
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CANCERCARE LANGENHOVEN DRIVE ONCOLOGY CENTRE ( Site 4865)
Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, 6055, South Africa
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CHU de Bordeaux- Hopital Saint Andre ( Site 4108)
Bordeaux, Gironde, 33075, France
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CHUV Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois ( Site 4602)
Lausanne, Canton of Vaud, 1011, Switzerland
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Calvary Mater Newcastle ( Site 4404)
Waratah, New South Wales, 2298, Australia
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Cape Town Oncology Trials ( Site 4864)
Cape Town, Western Cape, 7570, South Africa
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Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud ( Site 4102)
Pierre-Bénite, Rhone, 69495, France
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Chaim Sheba Medical Center ( Site 4701)
Ramat Gan, 5265601, Israel
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Duke Cancer Institute ( Site 4005)
Durham, North Carolina, 27710, United States
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Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano ( Site 4399)
Milan, 20133, Italy
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Gustave Roussy ( Site 4101)
Villejuif, Île-de-France Region, 94805, France
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HOSPITAL CLÍNIC DE BARCELONA-ICHMO- Clinic Institut of Haematological and Oncological diseases ( Site 4801)
Barcelona, Catalonia, 08036, Spain
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HaEmek Medical Center ( Site 4703)
Afula, 1834111, Israel
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Hadassah Ein Karem Jerusalem ( Site 4702)
Jerusalem, 9112001, Israel
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Hopital La Timone ( Site 4103)
Marseille, Bouches-du-Rhone, 13005, France
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Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal ( Site 4802)
Madrid, Madrid, Comunidad de, 28034, Spain
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Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG)-Oncology ( Site 4603)
Geneva, Canton of Geneva, 1211, Switzerland
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Inova Schar Cancer Institute ( Site 4011)
Fairfax, Virginia, 22031, United States
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Institut Claudius Regaud ( Site 4105)
Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, 31059, France
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Istituto Europeo di Oncologia ( Site 4301)
Milan, 20141, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale ( Site 4302)
Naples, 80131, Italy
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Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS ( Site 4355)
Padova, 35128, Italy
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LIFE GROENKLOOF-Mary Potter Cancer Centre ( Site 4861)
Pretoria, Gauteng, 0181, South Africa
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Martha Morehouse Tower ( Site 4020)
Columbus, Ohio, 43221, United States
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Melanoma Institute Australia ( Site 4402)
Wollstonecraft, New South Wales, 2065, Australia
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NYU Clinical Cancer Center ( Site 4002)
New York, New York, 10016, United States
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Policlinico Le Scotte - A.O. Senese ( Site 4377)
Siena, 53100, Italy
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Providence Saint John's Health Center ( Site 4010)
Santa Monica, California, 90404, United States
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Rabin Medical Center-Oncology ( Site 4705)
Petah Tikva, 4941492, Israel
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Rambam Health Care Campus-Oncology ( Site 4704)
Haifa, 3109601, Israel
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Sandton Oncology Medical Group (Pty) Ltd-Research ( Site 4863)
Sandton, Gauteng, 2196, South Africa
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Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins ( Site 4022)
Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, United States
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The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute ( Site 4009)
Los Angeles, California, 90025, United States
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UCLA Hematology & Oncology ( Site 4004)
Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
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Universitaetsspital Zuerich ( Site 4601)
Zurich, 8058, Switzerland
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University of Colorado, Anschutz Cancer Pavilion ( Site 4012)
Aurora, Colorado, 80045, United States
More trials for these conditions
Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.
- New antibody GNR-051 tested for safety in Hard-to-Treat cancers
- Blood test could spot Melanoma's BRAF mutation
- Can a CXCR1/2 blocker boost radiation against cancer that spreads to the brain lining?
- Can a new antibody help the immune system fight Hard-to-Treat tumors?
- Can tumor DNA and immune cells reveal why some cancers resist immunotherapy?
- Can a Two-Drug immune combo shrink melanoma tumors?