Could a High-Fat diet help stabilize the brain in mental illness?
NCT ID NCT05268809
First seen Jun 25, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time
Summary
This study tested whether a very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet could improve brain network stability and thinking skills in people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. The diet is high in fat and low in carbs, which makes the body produce ketones that may provide extra energy to the brain. Seventy-one participants followed either the ketogenic diet or their usual diet for four weeks, and researchers measured changes in brain scans, body composition, inflammation, and insulin resistance.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- ketogenic diet
- What this could lead to
- If it works, this could point toward a dietary approach to improve cognitive function and brain stability in people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
- What could go wrong
- This is a small, early-stage study with only 71 participants. The diet is hard to follow long-term, and results may not apply to everyone. It does not replace standard medication.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
-
Not a phased trial
Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.
- Participants
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71 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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Apr 2022
- Finished
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Aug 2025
- Lead sponsor
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Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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18 to 65 years
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female ages 18-65 years old * Able to attend 2 in-person visits at the San Francisco VA Medical Center * SCID-5 Schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder stable on 2nd generation anti-psychotic (SZ) or bipolar disorder (BD) * Not currently on KETO diet * Willing to adhere to 4 wk. KETO diet or 4 wk. non-KETO diet per random assignment * Speak, read, comprehend English * Access to internet * Willing and able to heat up KETO meals Exclusion Criteria: * Current Cancer diagnosis * Other SCID-5 Axis 1 disorder * Pregnancy, breastfeeding, or planned pregnancy * Current diagnosis of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus * Glucose-lowering drugs (other than metformin) or weight loss pills * History of gastric bypass surgery or any weight loss surgery * \>10% weight fluctuation in past 2 years
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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San Francisco VA Medical Center
San Francisco, California, 94121, United States
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