Gene-Targeted cancer therapy put to the test in major trial

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients with metastatic cancer * Patients may have received unlimited lines of prior therapy * Prior to randomization, patients with metastatic disease must have been treated with established standard-of-care therapy, or physicians have determined that such established therapy is not sufficiently efficacious, or patients have declined to receive standard-of-care therapy * The patient has measurable disease * The patient has Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1 * The patient has biopsy-accessible tumor; for patients who had no prior anticancer therapy and had surgical resection within a year and tumor tissue is immediately available, that tumor will be analyzed and no biopsy will be needed * Absolute neutrophil count \>= 1,000/ul * Platelets \>= 100,000/ul (unless these abnormalities are due to bone marrow involvement) * Total bilirubin level \<= 1.5 x the upper limit of normal (ULN), unless the patient has known Gilbert's disease * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/ serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase levels (SGPT) =\< 2.5 X ULN (unless the patient has liver metastases) * Serum creatinine clearance \>= 50 ml/min by the Cockcroft-Gault formula * If the patient has brain metastasis, they must have been stable (treated and/or asymptomatic) and the patient must have been off steroids for at least 2 weeks * The patient has provided signed informed consent * Patients with a previous malignancy (other than the patients' known cancer) that were treated successfully and are disease-free for at least 3 years are allowed * Patients with a history of basal cell carcinoma of the skin or pre-invasive carcinoma of the cervix are eligible * Women of childbearing potential must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation; childbearing potential will be defined as women who have had menses within the past 12 months and who have not had a tubal ligation, hysterectomy, or bilateral oophorectomy; should a woman become pregnant or suspect that she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately * Male subjects must agree to use effective contraception or abstinence while on study and for 90 days after last dose of study drug Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who are randomized to the control arm must not receive therapy based on prior molecular profiling * The patient has received chemotherapy, surgery, or radiotherapy (for therapeutic purposes) within 3 weeks of initiating study treatment (4 weeks for bevacizumab or investigational drugs) or the patient has not recovered (grade \>= 2 from side effects of the previous therapy); patients who receive palliative radiation therapy can be treated immediately after completion of radiation therapy * The patient has cardiac conditions as follows: uncontrolled hypertension (blood pressure \[BP\] \> 160/100) despite optimal therapy, uncontrolled angina, ventricular arrhythmias, congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association class II or above), baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) =\< 50%, prior or current cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation with heart rate \> 100 beats per minute (bpm), unstable ischemic heart disease (myocardial infarction \[MI\] within 6 months prior to starting treatment or angina requiring use of nitrates more than once weekly) * The patient has peripheral neuropathy \>= grade 2 * The patient is pregnant (confirmed by serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin \[b-HCG\], if applicable) or is breastfeeding * The patient has concurrent severe and/or uncontrolled medical disease that could compromise participation in the study (i.e., uncontrolled diabetes, severe infection requiring active treatment, severe malnutrition, chronic severe liver or renal disease) * The patient has refractory nausea and vomiting or chronic gastrointestinal diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease) or has had significant bowel resection that would preclude adequate absorption (for oral therapy only) * The patient is unable to swallow capsules and/or has a surgical or anatomical condition that precludes swallowing and absorbing oral medication on an ongoing basis (for oral therapy only) * Any other condition that would, in the investigator's judgment, contraindicate the patient's participation in the clinical study due to safety concerns or compliance with clinical study procedures