New hemostatic agent tested against standard for stubborn surgical bleeding

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * \[At Screening (Preoperative)\] * Individuals aged 19 years or older and under 80 years, scheduled for non-emergency spinal/orthopedic surgery * Subjects who have voluntarily agreed to participate after receiving a thorough explanation of the clinical trial and fully understanding its details, and who have provided written informed consent to comply with the instructions of the trial \[Surgery Day (Preoperative)\] * Subjects with an INR result of ≤ 1.5 in tests performed before surgery * Subjects with normal platelet function or results below the lower limit of normal in platelet adhesion COL/EPI tests, but deemed clinically insignificant by the investigator \[Surgery Day (Intraoperative)\] * Subjects requiring hemostasis for exudative hemorrhage that cannot be effectively controlled or is uncontrollable by conventional procedures * Subjects without severe arterial bleeding or similar conditions Exclusion Criteria: * Subjects who received platelet or plasma transfusions affecting hemostasis within 3 weeks prior to the surgery day * Subjects with active infections at the surgical site * Subjects with a history of bleeding, platelet, or bone marrow disorders * Subjects with coagulation disorders * Subjects with immune system diseases * Subjects currently receiving or scheduled to receive procoagulants, antifibrinolytics, or aprotinin during surgery * Subjects scheduled to use antibiotic solutions or powders at the investigational product application site during surgery (excluding irrigation agents applied after the hemostasis evaluation at the investigational product application site and during surgical site closure) * Subjects who received medication affecting bleeding and hemostasis (e.g., anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, thrombolytics such as aspirin, clopidogrel, NSAIDs, warfarin) within 7 days prior to the surgery date (Visit 2) * Subjects who expected to require anticoagulatnt therapy within 48 hours postoperatively * Subjects with hypersensitivity to bovine-derived materials or any component of the investigational product * Subjects with renal implairment (serum creatinine levels exceeding 1.5 times the institution's upper limit of normal) * Subjects with hepatic impairment (ALT or AST levels exceeding 3.0 times the institution's upper limit of normal) * Subjects with disease such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) or other conditions of concern regarding decreased fibrinolytic system activity * Subject with a history of alcohol or drug abuse * Female subjects with childbearing potential or male subjects with partners of childbearing potential who are unwilling to use medically accepted contraception methods during the clinical trial period (e.g., hormonal contraception, intrauterine device \[IUD\] or intrauterine system \[IUS\], tubal ligation, double barrier methods such as male or female condoms, cervical caps, diaphragms, or sponges combined with spermicide, or a single barrier method with spermicide) * Pregnant or breastfeeding women * Subjects who participated in another clinical trial within 4 weeks prior to this trial * Any other condition that the investigator deems unsuitable for participation