Dental crown study reveals tooth survival rates after gum surgery

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: Patients were included in the study if they met all the following conditions: * Setting and Providers: The tooth received crown lengthening surgery (CLP) performed by postgraduate residents in Periodontology and subsequent definitive crown placement by postgraduate residents in Prosthodontics at X Hospital. * Patient Characteristics: Age between 18 and 70 years at the time of the CLP. Able and willing to participate, with written informed consent obtained. \- Follow-up and Documentation Requirements: A minimum of 12 months had elapsed since placement of the definitive crown at the time of data collection. Baseline intraoral radiographs available prior to CLP to document periodontal and structural condition. \- Tooth-Level Clinical Criteria: Tooth mobility not exceeding Miller Class I at baseline. A planned or anticipated crown-root ratio ≥1:1 following CLP based on clinical and radiographic evaluation. Exclusion Criteria: Patients were excluded if any of the following conditions applied: * Procedure Purpose or Type: CLP performed exclusively for aesthetic indications. * Cases involving intentional endodontic treatment and CLP performed solely to correct supra-eruption for prosthetic clearance (i.e., without biological indication). * Baseline Dental and Periodontal Condition: Teeth exhibiting furcation involvement at baseline. Mobility greater than Miller Class I preoperatively. * Teeth functioning as abutments for fixed dental prostheses, due to altered biomechanical loading. * Treatment Completion and Record Accuracy: Absence or incompleteness of clinical or radiographic documentation prior to CLP. Incomplete endodontic, periodontal, or definitive restorative treatment at the time of review. * The final restoration was not a full-coverage definitive crown. * Follow-up and Participant Availability: Follow-up duration less than 12 months after crown placement. Patients who declined participation or could not be contacted for consent.