New drug cocktails show promise in slowing advanced kidney cancer
NCT ID NCT02811861
First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026
Summary
This study tested two drug combinations (lenvatinib plus everolimus or pembrolizumab) against the standard drug sunitinib in people with advanced kidney cancer. The goal was to see if the combinations could delay cancer growth better than sunitinib alone. About 1,069 adults with advanced clear-cell kidney cancer took part, and the results help doctors choose the best first treatment.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
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Phase 3
Large-scale testing in a bigger group. Usually the last step before a treatment can be approved.
- Participants
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1,069 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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Oct 2016
- Expected to finish
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Mar 2027
An estimate. End dates often move.
- Lead sponsor
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A company
The lead sponsor is a pharmaceutical, biotech, or medical-device company.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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18 years and older
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: 1. Histological or cytological confirmation of RCC with a clear-cell component (original tissue diagnosis of RCC is acceptable). 2. Documented evidence of advanced RCC. 3. At least 1 measurable target lesion according to RECIST 1.1 meeting the following criteria: * Lymph node (LN) lesion that measures at least 1 dimension as greater than or equal to (\>=) 1.5 cm in the short axis * Lymph node (LN) lesion that measures at least 1 dimension as greater than or equal to (\>=) 1.5 centimeter (cm) in the short axis * Non-nodal lesion that measures greater than or equal to (\>=) 1.0 cm in the longest diameter * The lesion is suitable for repeat measurement using computerized tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (CT/MRI). Lesions that have had external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or locoregional therapy must show radiographic evidence of disease progression based on RECIST 1.1 to be deemed a target lesion. 3.Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) of \>=70 4.Adequately controlled blood pressure (BP) with or without antihypertensive medications, defined as BP less than or equal (\<=) 150/90 millimeter of mercury (mmHg) at Screening and no change in antihypertensive medications within 1 week prior to Cycle 1/Day 1 (C1/D1) 5.Adequate renal function defined as creatinine \<=1.5\*upper limit of normal (ULN); or for participants with creatinine greater than (\>) 1.5\*ULN, the calculated creatinine clearance \>=30 milliliters per minute (mL/min) (per the Cockcroft-Gault formula) is acceptable. 6.Adequate bone marrow function defined by: * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>=1500/cubic millimeter (mm\^3) * Platelets \>=100,000/mm\^3 * Hemoglobin \>=9 grams per deciliter (g/dL) NOTE: Criteria must be met without erythropoietin dependency and without packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion within the previous 2 weeks. 7.Adequate blood coagulation function defined by International Normalized ratio (INR) \<=1.5 unless participant is receiving anticoagulant therapy, as long as INR is within therapeutic range of intended use of anticoagulants. 8.Adequate liver function defined by: * Total bilirubin \<=1.5\*ULN except for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia of Gilbert's syndrome. * Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \<=3\*ULN (in the case of liver metastases \<=5\*ULN), unless there are bone metastases. Participants with ALP values \>3\*ULN and known to have bone metastases can be included. 9.Provide written informed consent. 10.Willing and able to comply with all aspects of the protocol. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Participants who have received any systemic anticancer therapy for RCC, including anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy, or any systemic investigational anticancer agent. Prior adjuvant treatment with an investigational anticancer agent is not allowed unless the investigator can provide evidence of participant's randomization to placebo arm. 2. Participants with central nervous system (CNS) metastases are not eligible, unless they have completed local therapy (example, whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), surgery or radiosurgery) and have discontinued the use of corticosteroids for this indication for at least 4 weeks before starting treatment in this study. Any signs (example, radiologic) or symptoms of CNS metastases must be stable for at least 4 weeks before starting study treatment 3. Active malignancy (except for RCC, definitively treated basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, and carcinoma in-situ of the cervix or bladder) within the past 24 months. Participants with history of localized \& low risk prostate cancer are allowed in the study if they were treated with curative intent and there is no prostate specific antigen (PSA) recurrence within the past 5 years 4. Prior radiation therapy within 21 days prior to start of study treatment with the exception of palliative radiotherapy to bone lesions, which is allowed if completed 2 weeks prior to study treatment start 5. Participants who are using other investigational agents or who had received investigational drugs \<=4 weeks prior to study treatment start. 6. Received a live vaccine within 30 days of planned start of study treatment (Cycle 1/Day 1). Examples of live vaccines include, but are not limited to, measles, mumps, rubella, varicella/zoster (chicken pox), yellow fever, rabies, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), and typhoid vaccine. Seasonal influenza vaccines for injection are generally killed virus vaccines and are allowed; however, intranasal influenza vaccines (example, FluMist®) are live attenuated vaccines and are not allowed. 7. Participants with proteinuria \>1+ on urine dipstick testing will undergo 24-h urine collection for quantitative assessment of proteinuria. Participants with urine protein \>=1 g/24 h will be ineligible 8. Fasting total cholesterol \>300 milligram per deciliter (mg/dL) (or ˃7.75 millimole per liter (mmol/L)) and/or fasting triglycerides level ˃2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN). Note: these participants can be included after initiation or adjustment of lipid-lowering medication 9. Uncontrolled diabetes as defined by fasting glucose \>1.5 times the ULN. Note: these participants can be included after initiation or adjustment of glucose-lowering medication 10. Prolongation of corrected QT (QTc) interval to \>480 milliseconds (ms) 11. Participants who have not recovered adequately from any toxicity and/or complications from major surgery prior to starting therapy. 12. Gastrointestinal malabsorption, gastrointestinal anastomosis, or any other condition that might affect the absorption of lenvatinib, everolimus, and/or sunitinib. 13. Bleeding or thrombotic disorders or participants at risk for severe hemorrhage. The degree of tumor invasion/infiltration of major blood vessels should be considered because of the potential risk of severe hemorrhage associated with tumor shrinkage/necrosis following lenvatinib therapy 14. Clinically significant hemoptysis or tumor bleeding within 2 weeks prior to the first dose of study drug 15. Significant cardiovascular impairment within 12 months of the first dose of study drug: history of congestive heart failure greater than New York Heart Association Class II, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, or cardiac arrhythmia associated with hemodynamic instability. The following is also excluded: left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) below the institutional normal range as determined by multiple-gated acquisition MUGA scan or echocardiogram 16. Active infection (any infection requiring systemic treatment) 17. Participants known to be positive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). 18. Known active Hepatitis B (example, Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) reactive) or Hepatitis C (example, hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV RNA) \[qualitative\] is detected) 19. Known history of, or any evidence of, interstitial lung disease 20. Has a history of (non-infectious) pneumonitis that required steroids, or current pneumonitis 21. Participants with a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or who are receiving chronic systemic steroid therapy (doses exceeding 10 mg/day of prednisone equivalent) or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of study treatment. Physiologic doses of corticosteroids (up to 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent) may be used during the study 22. Active autoimmune disease (with the exception of psoriasis) that has required systemic treatment in the past 2 years (that is, with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs). Replacement therapy (example, thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency) is not considered a form of systemic treatment. 23. Females who are breastfeeding or pregnant at Screening or Baseline (as documented by a positive beta-human chorionic gonadotropin \[ß-hCG\] (or human chorionic gonadotropin \[hCG\]) test with a minimum sensitivity of 25 IU/L or equivalent units of ß-hCG \[or hCG\]). A separate baseline assessment is required if a negative screening pregnancy test was obtained more than 72 hours before the first dose of study drug. 24. Females of childbearing potential who: * Do not agree to use a highly effective method of contraception for the entire study period and for 120 days after study discontinuation, that is: * total abstinence (if it is their preferred and usual lifestyle) * an intrauterine device (IUD) or hormone-releasing system (IUS) * a contraceptive implant * an oral contraceptive (with additional barrier method) OR * Do not have a vasectomized partner with confirmed azoospermia. For sites outside of the EU, it is permissible that if a highly effective method of contraception is not appropriate or acceptable to the participant, then the participant must agree to use a medically acceptable method of contraception, that is, double barrier methods of contraception such as condom plus diaphragm or cervical/vault cap with spermicide. 25. Males who have not had a successful vasectomy (confirmed azoospermia) and do not agree to use condom + spermicide OR have a female partner who does not meet the criteria above (that is, is of childbearing potential and not practicing highly effective contraception throughout the study period), starting with the first dose of study therapy through 120 days after the last dose of study therapy, unless sexually abstinent. Note: Abstinence is acceptable if this is the usual lifestyle and preferred contraception for the participant. 26. Known intolerance to any of the study drugs (or any of the excipients) 27. Participant has had an allogenic tissue/solid organ transplant.
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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A.O.U. Policlinico di Modena
Modena, 41124, Italy
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AKH - Medizinische Universität Wien
Vienna, 1090, Austria
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Adelaide and Meath Hospital Incorp The National Children's Hospital
Dublin, Ireland
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Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
Amsterdam, 1066 CX, Netherlands
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Asan Medical Center: Medical Oncology Department
Seoul, South Korea
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Asan Medical Center: Urology Department
Seoul, South Korea
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Assaf Harofeh Medical Center
Be’er Ya‘aqov, Israel
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Associates in Oncology & Hematology, PC
Bethesda, Maryland, 20817, United States
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Austin Health
Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
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Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini
Roma, Italy
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Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria Degli Angeli
Pordenone, 33170, Italy
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Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico SantOrsola Malpighi
Bologna, Italy
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Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale A. Cardarelli
Naples, 80131, Italy
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Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale- Ravenna
Faenza, Ravenna, 48018, Italy
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BC Cancer Agency Vancouver Centre
Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1H7, Canada
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BHI of Omsk region "Clinical Oncology Dispensary"
Omsk, 644013, Russia
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Beatson West Of Scotland Cancer Centre
Glasgow, G12 0YN, United Kingdom
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Beaumont Hospital
Dublin, Ireland
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Boca Raton Community Hospital
Boca Raton, Florida, 33486, United States
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Boulevard du Professeur Jacques Monod
Saint-Herblain, 4805, France
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Box Hill Hospital
Box Hill, Victoria, 3128, Australia
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Broome Oncology
Johnson City, New York, 13790, United States
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CHU Strasbourg - Nouvel Hopital Civil
Strasbourg, France
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Centre Georges François Leclerc
Dijon, 21079, France
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Centre Leon Berard - Centre regional de lutte contre le cancer Rhone-Alpes
Lyon, France
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Centre de santé et de services sociaux Champlain-Charles-Le Moyne
Greenfield Park, Quebec, J4V 2H1, Canada
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Chaim Sheba Medical Center
Ramat Gan, Israel
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Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
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Clinique Victor Hugo - Centre Jean Bernard
Le Mans, France
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Cork University Hospital,Wilton
Cork, Ireland
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Cotton-Oneil Clinical Research Center
Topeka, Kansas, 66604, United States
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Cross Cancer Institute
Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada
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Dana Farber Cancer Institute
Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, United States
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Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology/Oncology Cancer center 11F
Seoul, South Korea
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Domaine Universitaire
Liège, 4000, Belgium
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EISAI Trial site 1
Tübingen, Baden-Wurttemberg, 72076, Germany
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EISAI Trial site 13
Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, 48149, Germany
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EISAI Trial site 14
Greifswald, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
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EISAI Trial site 2
Homburg/Saar, Saarland, 66421, Germany
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EISAI Trial site 4
Stuttgart, Baden-Wurttemberg, 70174, Germany
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EISAI Trial site 5
Berlin, 12200, Germany
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EISAI Trial site 6
Frankfurt am Main, Hesse, 60590, Germany
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EISAI Trial site 7
München, Bavaria, 81377, Germany
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EISAI Trial site 8
Hanover, Lower Saxony, 30625, Germany
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FBHI Privolzhskiy District Medical Centre FMBA of Russia
Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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FSBI "Moscow scientific research oncology institute n.a. P.A. Gertsen" of MoH of RF
Moscow, 125284, Russia
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FSBI "National Medical Research Radiological Center" of the MoH of the RF
Obninsk, 249036, Russia
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FSBSI Russian Oncological Scientific Center n.a. N.N. Blokhin - Department of Oncology
Moscow, 115478, Russia
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FSBSI Russian Oncological Scientific Center n.a. N.N. Blokhin - Department of Urology
Moscow, Russia
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Facility #1
Aichi, Japan
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Facility #1
Akita, Japan
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Facility #1
Aomori, Japan
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Facility #1
Fukuoka, Japan
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Facility #1
Hiroshima, Japan
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Facility #1
Hokkaido, Japan
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Facility #1
Hyōgo, Japan
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Facility #1
Kagawa, Japan
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Facility #1
Nagasaki, Japan
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Facility #1
Nara, Japan
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Facility #1
Niigata, Japan
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Facility #1
Okayama, Japan
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Facility #1
Osaka, Japan
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Facility #1
Saitama, Japan
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Facility #1
Tokushima, Japan
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Facility #1
Tokyo, Japan
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Facility #2
Chiba, Japan
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Facility #2
Hokkaido, Japan
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Facility #2
Kanagawa, Japan
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Facility #2
Osaka, Japan
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Facility #2
Tokyo, Japan
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Facility #3
Kanagawa, Japan
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Facility #3
Tokyo, Japan
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Facility #4
Tokyo, Japan
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Facility #5
Tokyo, Japan
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Facility #6
Tokyo, Japan
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Fakultni nemocnice Olomouc, Neurologicka klinika
Olomouc, Czechia
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Fakultni nemocnice u sv. Anny v Brne
Brno, Czechia
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Fakultni nemocnice v Motole
Prague, Czechia
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Florida Cancer Specialists
Fort Myers, Florida, 33901, United States
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Florida Cancer Specialists
West Palm Beach, Florida, 33401, United States
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Florida Cancer Specialists ( North Region)
St. Petersburg, Florida, 33705, United States
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Florida Hospital Cancer Institute
Orlando, Florida, 32804, United States
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Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori
Milan, 20133, Italy
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Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo
Pavia, Italy
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GU Research Network
Omaha, Nebraska, 68130, United States
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GZA Ziekenhuizen - Campus Sint-Augustinus
Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
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General Hospital Papageorgiou
Thessaloniki, 56429, Greece
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General Hospital of Athens "Alexandra"
Athens, 11528, Greece
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Guy's Hospital
London, United Kingdom
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Hackensack Medical Center
Hackensack, New Jersey, 07601, United States
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Health Midwest Ventures Group, Inc d/b/a HCA MidAmerica Division, LLC
Overland Park, Kansas, 66209, United States
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Healthcare Research Network III, LLC
Tinley Park, Illinois, 60487, United States
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Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou
Paris, France
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Hopital la Petie Salpetriere
Paris, cedex 13 75651, France
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Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona
Barcelona, 08036, Spain
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Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon
Madrid, Spain
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Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara
Cáceres, 10003, Spain
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Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron
Barcelona, Spain
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Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias
Oviedo, 33011, Spain
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Hospital Universitario Clinico San Carlos
Madrid, Spain
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Hospital Universitario HM Madrid Sanchinarro
Madrid, Spain
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Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla
Santander, Cantabria, 39008, Spain
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Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal
Madrid, 28034, Spain
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Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia
Córdoba, Spain
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Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio
Seville, Spain
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Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau
Barcelona, Spain
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I.R.C.S.S Fondazione Maugeri
Pavia, Italy
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ICO - Site Paul Papin
Angers, Maine Et Loire, 49055, France
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ICO l'Hospitalet - Hospital Duran I Reynals
Barcelona, 08908, Spain
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ICON Cancer Foundation
South Brisbane, Australia
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Imeldaziekenhuis
Bonheiden, Belgium
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Inselspital - Universitaetsspital Bern
Bern, Switzerland
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Institut Jules Bordet
Brussels, 1000, Belgium
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Institut Regional du Cancer de Montpellier
Montpellier, France
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Interbalkan Hospital of Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki, 57001, Greece
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Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale
Naples, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Genova
Genova, 16132, Italy
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Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori - IRST
Meldola, Italy
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Jessa Ziekenhuis - Campus Virga Jesse
Hasselt, 3500, Belgium
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Joliet Oncology - Hematology Associates
Joliet, Illinois, 60435, United States
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Karmanos Cancer Center
Detroit, Michigan, 48201, United States
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Krankenhaus der barmherzigen Schwestern Linz
Linz, Austria
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Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital
Daegu, 41404, South Korea
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London Institute of Health Sciences
London, Ontario, N6A4L6, Canada
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MD Anderson Cancer Centre
Madrid, Spain
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Macquarie University Hospital
Macquarie Park, Australia
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Masarykuv onkologicky ustav
Brno, Czechia
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Massachusetts General Hospital- MGH
Boston, Massachusetts, 02214, United States
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Medical University of South Carolina
Charleston, South Carolina, 29412, United States
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Medizinische Universitat Innsbruck
Innsbruck, Austria
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Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York, 10065, United States
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Mission Hospital_ Cancer Care of Western North Carolina
Asheville, North Carolina, 28801, United States
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Montefiore Medical Center
The Bronx, New York, 10461, United States
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Mount Sinai Medical Center
Miami Beach, Florida, 33136, United States
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National Cancer Center
Goyang-si, South Korea
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Nebraska Cancer Specialists
Omaha, Nebraska, 68130, United States
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Nemocnice Na Bulovce
Prague, Czechia
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O.L.V Ziekenhuis
Aalst, Belgium
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Ochsner Clinic Foundation
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70121, United States
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Oncologia
Valencia, 46009, Spain
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Oncology Hematology Care
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45242, United States
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Ospedale San Donato
Arezzo, Italy
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Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre
Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8, Canada
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Presidio Ospedaliero Vito Fazzi
Lecce, 73100, Italy
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Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Campus
Petah Tikva, 49100, Israel
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Rambam MC
Haifa, Israel
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Rosewell Park Cancer Institute
Buffalo, New York, 14263, United States
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Royal Bournemouth General Hospital
Bournemouth, United Kingdom
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Royal Free Hospital
London, United Kingdom
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Royal Hobart Hospital
Hobart, Australia
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SBHI of Novosibirsk region "Novosibirsk Regional Oncological Dispensary"
Novosibirsk, 630108, Russia
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SCRI - Tennessee Oncology
Nashville, Tennessee, 37203, United States
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SPWSZ w Szczecinie im. Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie
Szczecin, Poland
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Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny Nr 4 w Lublinie
Lublin, Poland
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Samsung Medical Center
Seoul, South Korea
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Sapir Medical Center, Meir Hospital
Kfar Saba, Israel
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Seoul National University Hospital
Seoul, South Korea
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Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System
Seoul, South Korea
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St. James's University Hospital
Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
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St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton
Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 4A6, Canada
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Stanford School of Medicine
Stanford, California, 94305-5826, United States
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Sunnybrook Research Institute - University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
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Sunshine Hospital
St Albans, Australia
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Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
Tel Aviv, Israel
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Texas Oncology PA
Fort Worth, Texas, 76104, United States
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Texas Oncology PA - McAllen
McAllen, Texas, 78503, United States
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Texas Oncology PA - Paris
Paris, Texas, 75460, United States
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Texas Oncology PA - Tyler
Tyler, Texas, 75702, United States
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Texas Oncology, P.A.
Dallas, Texas, 75231, United States
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The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital
Seoul, South Korea
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Thomayerova nemocnice
Prague, Czechia
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UMC Utrecht
Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
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USOR Texas Oncology
The Woodlands, Texas, 77380, United States
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Universita Campus Bio-Medico di Roma
Rome, Italy
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University Hospital Galway
Galway, Ireland
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University of Miami
Miami, Florida, 33136, United States
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University of Patras Medical School
Pátrai, 26504, Greece
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Uniwersyteckie Centrum Kliniczne
Gdansk, Poland
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VU Medisch Centrum
Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Netherlands
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Velindre Cancer Centre
Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Weill Cornell Medical College New York Presbyterian Hospital
New York, New York, 10021, United States
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Western General Hospital
Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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ZNA Middelheim
Antwerp, 2260, Belgium
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