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Choline pills may harm blood vessels, small study suggests

NCT ID NCT03327805

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This study tested whether taking choline supplements for a short time affects blood vessel function in 20 healthy adults. Choline is a nutrient found in foods like eggs and meat, but when gut bacteria break it down, it produces a compound called TMAO, which has been linked to heart disease in animals. The researchers measured artery function before and after 28 days of choline or placebo to see if the supplement causes any changes.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
choline (dietary supplement)
What this could lead to
If this study shows that choline supplements impair blood vessel function, it could help explain how diet affects heart disease risk.
What could go wrong
This is a small, early-stage study in healthy adults, so results may not apply to everyone. The supplement dose is high, and findings may not lead to clear health advice.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

20 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

May 2019

Finished

Nov 2023

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 to 65 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * 18-65 years old, healthy, non-smoking weight stable for previous 6 months (±2.0 kg), BMI\<35 kg/m\^2, verbal and written informed consent, approved for participation by study medical director (Jose Rivero, M.D.) Exclusion Criteria: * Smoking, pregnancy, obese (BMI\>35 kg/m\^2), altered dietary patterns within the last month of recruitment, vegetarians, vegans, unstable heart disease or diabetes, untreated high blood pressure or high cholesterol, allergies to choline supplement, taking any medications that could affect the results (ex., aspirin, antibiotics, pre/probiotics 1 month prior to enrollment), those with trimethylaminuria

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As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Cardiovascular risk factor

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Virginia Polytechnic and State University

    Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, United States

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