Engineered immune cells show promise in Hard-to-Treat leukemia

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age 16-70 (inclusive). 2. Patient with r/r CD19+ B-ALL, as per guidelines (NCCN, 2019) * For patients with bone marrow involvement, morphologically confirmed with ≥ 5% leukaemic blasts in the bonemarrow. * Definition of relapsed disease: Bone marrow or extramedullary relapse after achieving CR with initial treatment, or any bone marrow or extramedullary relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). * Refractory disease is defined by not achieving an initial CR after 2 cycles of a standard chemotherapy regimen (primary refractory). Subjects who were refractory to subsequent chemotherapy regimens after an initial remission were considered chemorefractory. 3. Toxicities due to prior therapy must be stable and recovered to ≤ Grade 1 (except for hematological toxicities and clinically non-significant toxicities such as alopecia). 4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2. 5. Adequate renal, hepatic, pulmonary and cardiac function defined as: * Serum creatinine≤1.5 upper limit of normal (ULN) or creatinine clearance (as estimated by Cockcroft Gault) ≥ 60 mL/min. * Serum alanine aminotransferase / aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) ≤ 3 upper limit of normal (ULN); Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 ULN, except in subjects with 3) Gilbert's syndrome. * Cardiac ejection fraction ≥ 50%, no evidence of pericardial effusion as determined by an echocardiogram (ECHO), and no clinically significant electrocardiogram (ECG) findings. * Coagulation Function: International Normalized Ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) ≤ 1.5 times ULN. * Baseline oxygen saturation \>91% on room air. 6. Subjects of both genders who are willing to practice birth control from the time of consent through 6 months after the completion of conditioning chemotherapy. Females of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test (females who have undergone surgical sterilization or who have been postmenopausal for at least 2 years are not considered to be of childbearing potential). 7. Voluntarily participate in this clinical trial and sign an informed consent form. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Expected survival time \< 3 months per Principal Investigator's opinion. 2. History of malignancy other than nonmelanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ (e.g. cervix, bladder, breast) unless disease free for at least 3 years. 3. Patients who received any immunocellular or HSCT therapy within 3 months before enrollment. 4. Active central nervous system (CNS) leukaemia (CNS-3). 5. Clinically active significant CNS dysfunction. 6. Known history of irreversible severe neurological toxicity related to previous antileukaemic treatment leading to organic central nervous system lesions. 7. Use of previous anti-leukemic therapy within 5 half-lives prior to allogeneic Power3 (SPPL3) knock-out CD19 CAR-T administration; participation in non-interventional registries or epidemiological studies is allowed. 8. Radioimmunotherapy, radiotherapy, within 8 weeks (except prophylaxis of CNS involvement) before Inclusion. 9. History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction to any of the agents or any component used in this study. 10. Presence or suspicion of fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infection that is uncontrolled or requiring intravenous (IV) antimicrobials for management. 11. Uncontrolled or active infectious diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, acute or chronic active hepatitis B or C, epstein-barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. 12. History or presence of CNS disorder such as seizure disorder, cerebrovascular ischemia/hemorrhage, dementia, cerebellar disease, or any autoimmune disease with CNS involvement. 13. Subjects with cardiac atrial or cardiac ventricular lymphoma involvement. 14. History of myocardial infarction, cardiac angioplasty or stenting, unstable angina, or other clinically significant cardiac disease within 12 months of enrollment. 15. Expected or possible requirement for urgent therapy within 6 weeks due to ongoing or impending oncologic emergency (eg, tumor mass effect, tumor lysis syndrome). 16. Primary immunodeficiency. 17. History of autoimmune disease (e.g. Crohn's, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus) resulting in end organ injury or requiring systemic immunosuppression/systemic disease modifying agents within the last 2 years. 18. History of symptomatic deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism requiring systemic anticoagulation within 6 months of enrollment. 19. Any medical condition likely to interfere with assessment of safety or efficacy of study treatment. 20. Vaccine ≤ 6 weeks prior to planned start of conditioning regimen. 21. Presence of DSAs directed against allogeneic SPPL3 knock-out CD19 CAR-T. 22. In the investigator's judgment, the subject is unlikely to complete all protocol-required study visits or procedures, including follow-up visits, or comply with the study requirements for participation.