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Brain scans may predict TMS success in Tough-to-Treat depression

NCT ID NCT04663841

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: Stanford University Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing This study
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This study looks at whether brain scans can help predict which veterans with hard-to-treat depression will get better with a treatment called transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Researchers will use MRI scans to measure brain activity before and during TMS therapy. The goal is to find patterns that show who is most likely to benefit, so treatment can be personalized in the future.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Participants

About 100 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Nov 2020

Expected to finish

May 2026

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Who is studied

Veterans with pharmacoresistant major depressive disorder (MDD) participating in the VA Clinical TMS Program. Given the complex nature of the veteran sample, the primary diagnosis of MDD may be comorbid with other disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Ages

18 years and older

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Ages 18 years and older * Meets Diagnostic and Statistical Manual edition 5 (DSM-5) criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (as documented by the treating physician) * Meet study criteria for pharmacoresistance in accordance with the Clinical transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) Program (i.e. failed at least one antidepressant in the current episode) * Ability to obtain a motor threshold (MT) prior to the start of treatment * Stable medical conditions and ability to maintain stability on current medication regimen for the duration of treatment * Ability to participate in a daily treatment regimen * Able to read, verbalize understanding, and voluntarily sign the Informed Consent Form prior to participating in any study-specific procedures or assessments Exclusion Criteria: * History of seizure disorder * Structural or neurologic abnormalities present or in close proximity to the treatment site * History of brain surgery * Pacemaker or medical infusion device (unless magnetic resonance imaging compatible) * History of traumatic brain injury within 60 days of the start of treatment * Severe or uncontrolled alcohol or substance use disorders * Active withdrawal from alcohol or substances * Implanted device in the head * Metal in the head * Severe impediment to vision, hearing and/or hand movement, likely to interfere with ability to complete the assessments, or unable and/or unlikely to follow the study protocols * Lifetime history of bipolar I disorder * Inability to speak, read or understand English * Plans to move out of the area during the study period * Clinician and/or Investigator discretion for clinical safety or protocol adherence

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

Depression depressive disorder Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant major depressive disorder

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Depression

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Stanford University Department of Psychiatry

    Stanford, California, 94305, United States

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.