Bone marrow transplant breakthrough: more donors now possible for blood cancer patients?

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Patient Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patient age 0.5-75 years 2. Absence of a suitable related or unrelated bone marrow donor who is molecularly matched at HLA-A, B, Cw, DRB1, and DQB1. 3. Absence of a suitable partially HLA-mismatched (haploidentical), first-degree related donor. Donors who are homozygous for the CCR5delta32 polymorphism are given preference. 4. Eligible diagnoses: 1. Relapsed or refractory acute leukemia in second or subsequent remission, with remission defined as \<5% bone marrow blasts morphologically 2. Poor-risk acute leukemia in first remission, with remission defined as \<5% bone marrow blasts morphologically: * AML with at least one of the following: * AML arising from MDS or a myeloproliferative disorder, or secondary AML * Presence of Flt3 internal tandem duplications * Poor-risk cytogenetics: Complex karyotype \[\> 3 abnormalities\], inv(3), t(3;3), t(6;9), MLL rearrangement with the exception of t(9;11), or abnormalities of chromosome 5 or 7 * Primary refractory disease * ALL (leukemia and/or lymphoma) with at least one of the following: * Adverse cytogenetics such as t(9;22), t(1;19), t(4;11), or MLL rearrangement * Clear evidence of hypodiploidy * Primary refractory disease * Biphenotypic leukemia 3. MDS with at least one of the following poor-risk features: * Poor-risk cytogenetics (7/7q minus or complex cytogenetics) * IPSS score of INT-2 or greater * Treatment-related MDS * MDS diagnosed before age 21 years * Progression on or lack of response to standard DNA-methyltransferase inhibitor therapy * Life-threatening cytopenias, including those generally requiring greater than weekly transfusions 4. Interferon- or imatinib-refractory CML in first chronic phase, or non-blast crisis CML beyond first chronic phase. 5. Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative disease. 6. Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. 7. Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. 8. Low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma (including SLL and CLL) or plasma cell neoplasm that has: * progressed after at least two prior therapies (excluding single agent rituximab and single agent steroids), or * in the case of lymphoma undergone histologic conversion; * patients with transformed lymphomas must have stable disease or better. 9. Poor-risk CLL or SLL as follows: * 11q deletion disease that has progressed after a combination chemotherapy regimen, * 17p deletion disease, * or histologic conversion; * patients with transformed lymphomas must have stable disease or better. 10. Aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma as follows, provided there is stable disease or better to last therapy: * NK or NK-T cell lymphoma, hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma, or subcutaneous panniculitic T-cell lymphoma, blastic/ blastoid variant of mantle cell lymphoma * Hodgkin or aggressive non Hodgkin lymphoma that has failed at least one multiagent regimen, and the patient is either ineligible for autologous BMT or autologous BMT is not recommended. * Eligible subtypes of aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma include: * mantle cell lymphoma * follicular grade 3 lymphoma * diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or its subtypes, excluding primary CNS lymphoma * primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma * large B-cell lymphoma, unspecified * anaplastic large cell lymphoma, excluding skin-only disease * Burkitt's lymphoma or atypical Burkitt's lymphoma (high-grade B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt's), in complete remission 5. Patients with CLL, SLL, or prolymphocytic leukemia must have \< 20% bone marrow involvement by malignancy (to lower risk of graft rejection). 6. One of the following, in order to lower risk of graft rejection: * Cytotoxic chemotherapy, an adequate course of 5-azacitidine or decitabine, or alemtuzumab within 3 months prior to start of conditioning; or * Previous BMT within 6 months prior to start of conditioning. NOTE: Patients who have received treatment outside of these windows may be eligible if it is deemed sufficient to reduce graft rejection risk; this will be decided on a case-by-case basis by the PI or co-PI. 7. Any previous BMT must have occurred at least 3 months prior to start of conditioning. 8. Adequate end-organ function as measured by: 1. Left ventricular ejection fraction greater than or equal to 35%, or shortening fraction \> 25%, unless cleared by a cardiologist 2. Bilirubin ≤ 3.0 mg/dL (unless due to Gilbert's syndrome or hemolysis), and ALT and AST \< 5 x ULN 3. FEV1 and FVC \> 40% of predicted; or in pediatric patients, if unable to perform pulmonary function tests due to young age, oxygen saturation \>92% on room air 9. ECOG performance status \< 2 or Karnofsky or Lansky score \> 60 Patient Exclusion Criteria: * Not pregnant or breast-feeding. * No uncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infection. * Note: HIV-infected patients are potentially eligible. Eligibility of HIV-infected patients will be determined on a case-by-case basis. * No previous allogeneic BMT (syngeneic BMT permissible). * Active extramedullary leukemia or known active CNS involvement by malignancy. Such disease treated into remission is permitted. Donor Inclusion Criteria: 1. Potential donors consist of: * Unrelated donors * Second-degree relatives * First cousins 2. The donor and recipient must be identical at at least 5 HLA alleles based on high resolution typing of HLA-A, -B, -Cw, -DRB1, and -DQB1, with at least one allele matched for a HLA class I gene (HLA-A, -B, or -Cw) and at least one allele matched for a class II gene (HLA-DRB1 or -DQB1). 3. Meets institutional selection criteria and medically fit to donate. 4 . Lack of recipient anti-donor HLA antibody. Note: In some instances, low level, non-cytotoxic HLA specific antibodies may be permissible if they are found to be at a level well below that detectable by flow cytometry. This will be decided on a case-by-case basis by the PI and one of the immunogenetics directors. Pheresis to reduce anti-HLA antibodies is permissible; however eligibility to proceed with the transplant regimen would be contingent upon the result. Donor Exclusion Criteria: * Donor must not be HLA identical to the recipient. * Has not donated blood products to recipient.