Bitter melon peptide supplement tested for prediabetes blood sugar control

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 30-65 years, both male and female. * Participants meeting any of the following criteria for prediabetes: 1. Fasting blood glucose 100-125 mg/dL 2. HbA1c 5.7-6.4% 3. Previous clinical records indicating 2-hour OGTT glucose levels of 140-199 mg/dL * Body mass index (BMI) between 24-35 kg/m², with waist circumference recorded (men ≥90 cm; women ≥80 cm). * Stable lifestyle (including diet, physical activity, and sleep habits) during the past three months. * No use of blood glucose-regulating supplements prior to or during the study. * Willingness to comply with study procedures and complete all required assessments. * Provision of written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (HbA1c ≥6.5% or physician diagnosis). * Current use of antidiabetic medications (e.g., metformin, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, or insulin). * Use of medications that may affect blood glucose levels, such as corticosteroids, antipsychotic drugs, or unstable thyroid medications. * Presence of severe hepatic, renal, cardiovascular diseases, active cancer, or gastrointestinal malabsorption disorders. * Pregnant or breastfeeding women, or those planning to become pregnant. * Body weight change exceeding ±5% within the past three months, or currently following a weight-loss program or special diet. * History of alcohol abuse or substance misuse. * Individuals engaged in night shift or rotating shift work. * Known allergy to any component of the study product. * Participation in another clinical trial within the past 1 month, or antibiotic use within the past 8 weeks (if gut microbiota analysis is involved). * Individuals who are students currently taught by Associate Professor You-Cheng Shen or Dr. Jing-Bin Lin, or laboratory staff, assistants, or employees with a supervisory or subordinate relationship with the investigators.