Smart testing slashes antibiotic overuse in ER lung cases
NCT ID NCT05463406
First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026
Summary
This study tested a new way to decide if patients with lower respiratory tract infections need antibiotics. Instead of relying on standard methods, doctors used a step-by-step approach: a clinical score, a lung ultrasound, and a blood test for procalcitonin. The goal was to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions while keeping patients safe. Over 1,400 adults in Swiss emergency departments took part, and researchers compared the new approach to usual care.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- diagnostic algorithm (clinical score, lung ultrasound, and procalcitonin blood test)
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this approach could help doctors prescribe antibiotics more accurately, reducing unnecessary use and slowing antibiotic resistance.
- What could go wrong
- The study is completed, but the strategy may not work for all patients or settings, and the diagnostic tests may not always correctly distinguish viral from bacterial infections.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
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Not a phased trial
Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.
- Participants
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1,407 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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Dec 2022
- Finished
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Jun 2025
- Lead sponsor
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Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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18 years and older
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * Signed informed consent * Patients aged 18 years or more * Acute LRTI (acute illness, less than 21 days, with at least one lower respiratory tract symptom, i.e. cough, sputum, dyspnea, chest pain and no alternative explanation) * At least one of the following clinical criteria: * Focal abnormal auscultation (decreased breath sounds, crackles, bronchial breath sounds) * Fever (documented temperature ≥ 38°C in the last 24 hours, including self-measured temperature ≥ 38°C) * Tachypnea (respiratory rate ≥ 22/minute) * Tachycardia (heart rate ≥ 100/minute) Exclusion Criteria: * Previous receipt of a quinolone, macrolide or ceftriaxone or, of more than one dose of any other antibiotic within 72h prior to enrolment (excepted prophylactic antibiotics or antibiotics given for urinary tract infection) * Previous hospital stay in the last 14 days * Cystic fibrosis * Severe COPD (≥GOLD 3 or if not available, as a proxy: exacerbation treated with antibiotics during the last 6 months) * Severe immunodeficiency (drug-induced neutropenia with \<500 neutrophils/mm3, HIV infection with CD4\<200 cells/mm3, solid organ or bone marrow transplant recipient, prednisone ≥ 20mg/day for \>28 days) * Initial admission of the patient in the intensive care unit * Microbiologically-documented SARS-CoV-2 * Incapacity of discernment
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen
Sankt Gallen, Canton of St. Gallen, 9007, Switzerland
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Cantonal hospital of Baden
Baden, Canton of Aargau, 5404, Switzerland
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Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois (CHUV)
Lausanne, Canton of Vaud, 1011, Switzerland
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Hôpital Intercantonal de la Broye
Payerne, Canton of Vaud, 1530, Switzerland
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Hôpital Riviera-Chablais
Rennaz, Canton of Vaud, 1847, Switzerland
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Kantonsspital Baselland
Liestal, Canton of Basel-City, 4410, Switzerland
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Luzerner Kantonsspital
Lucerne, Canton of Lucerne, 6000, Switzerland
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Réseau Hospitalier Neuchâtelois
Neuchâtel, Canton of Neuchâtel, 2000, Switzerland
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University Hospital of Basel
Basel, Canton of Basel-City, 4031, Switzerland
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