Can zapping tumors before surgery boost lung cancer treatment?

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age \>= 18 years, either gender; * Pathologically confirmed stage II-IIIB (N2) squamous or non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) according to the 9th edition of the AJCC/UICC NSCLC staging system; * Presence of lesions suitable for ablation therapy confirmed by imaging evaluation; * Evaluated as resectable with R0 resection before enrollment, and consent to undergo radical surgical resection; * ECOG performance status score of 0-1; * Eligible for platinum-based doublet chemotherapy; * Adequate cardiopulmonary function to meet the requirements of curative surgical resection; * Sufficient organ function confirmed by laboratory tests within 28 days before enrollment: * Blood routine: WBC \>= 3.0×10\^9/L; ANC \>= 1.5×10\^9/L; PLT \>= 100×10\^9/L; HGB \>= 90 g/L. * Liver function: AST \<= 5.0×ULN; ALT \<= 5.0×ULN; TBIL \<= 1.5×ULN; * Renal function: Cr \<= 1.5×ULN; * For patients receiving cisplatin: creatinine clearance \>= 60 mL/min. * For patients receiving carboplatin: creatinine clearance \>= 45 mL/min. * Coagulation function: INR \<= 1.5×ULN (\<=3×ULN for patients on anticoagulants; anticoagulants must be discontinued for one week before ablation); APTT \<= 1.5×ULN; * Fully understand the study and voluntarily sign the informed consent form (ICF). Exclusion Criteria: * Tumor is adjacent to the hilum, invades major blood vessels, or has contraindications for surgery; * History of interstitial lung disease, non-infectious pneumonia, or uncontrolled pulmonary diseases including pulmonary fibrosis and acute lung disease; * Previous allogeneic stem cell transplantation or organ transplantation; * Previous radiotherapy or chemotherapy; * Previous local treatment (e.g., radioactive seed implantation, ablation) for the target ablation lesion; * Previous treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, including but not limited to anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, and anti-PD-L1 therapeutic antibodies; * Complicated with severe cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, renal insufficiency, or coagulation disorders; * Clinically significant cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, including but not limited to acute myocardial infarction within 6 months before enrollment, heart failure of NYHA class III or IV, ventricular arrhythmia ≥ grade 2, any history of cerebrovascular accident; * Underwent any major surgical procedure requiring general anesthesia within 28 days before enrollment; * Previous severe immune system diseases or active infection; * Pregnant or lactating female; * Complicated with other malignancies (un cured within 5 years); * Confirmed positive EGFR or ALK driver genes by genetic testing; * Any condition requiring systemic therapy with corticosteroids (\>10 mg prednisone per day or equivalent) or other immunosuppressive drugs before enrollment; * Severe chronic or active infection requiring systemic antibacterial, antifungal, or antiviral therapy, including tuberculosis; * Known history of HIV infection; * Untreated chronic hepatitis B patients, chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers with HBV DNA ≥ 500 IU/mL, or active hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients; (Note: Inactive hepatitis B surface antigen carriers, treated and stable hepatitis B patients (HBV DNA \< 500 IU/mL), and cured hepatitis C patients are eligible.); * Received live vaccine within 28 days before enrollment; * Simultaneously participating in another therapeutic clinical study; * Other conditions considered unsuitable for participation in this study by the investigator.