Karbala University

This study tests two simple, low-cost methods—cold application and artificial saliva—to prevent painful mouth sores (oral mucositis) caused by chemotherapy. About 60 cancer patients who have not yet developed mouth sores will be randomly assigned to one of the two treatments or s…

This study tests whether using virtual reality (VR) goggles during needle insertion can reduce pain and anxiety in people on hemodialysis. About 150 adults with end-stage kidney disease will be randomly assigned to receive VR distraction or standard care. The goal is to see if a …

This study looks at whether doing leg exercises or wearing compression stockings can help prevent muscle cramps in people getting dialysis. About 108 adults who have cramps during dialysis will take part. Researchers will compare the two methods to see which works better and how …