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Could air pollution before birth raise ADHD risk? new brain scan study aims to find out

NCT ID NCT05368493

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: New York State Psychiatric Institute Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

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Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only This study
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Aug 07, 2026 · Updated 2 times

Summary

This study looks at whether air pollution exposure before birth is linked to ADHD risk in Puerto Rican children. Researchers will use brain scans (MRI) in 182 kids aged 6-11 to examine brain areas tied to attention. They also want to see if inflammation during pregnancy or sleep problems in childhood play a role. The goal is to find early, changeable factors that could help prevent ADHD.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

What this could lead to
If successful, this could help identify early, modifiable factors (like inflammation or sleep) that link pollution to ADHD, pointing toward prevention strategies.
What could go wrong
This is an observational study, not a treatment trial. It may find no clear link, or results may not apply to other populations. Brain scans are exploratory.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

About 182 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Jan 2023

Expected to finish

Jun 2028

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

6 months to 11 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Having been enrolled in the BYS-ECHO birth cohort (parent study). * Speaks English or Spanish. * Having a parent that is eligible to participate, based on criterial detailed below, and agrees to participation. * One parent must speak English or Spanish. Exclusion Criteria: * Having serious neurological disorder, excluding ASD (e.g., seizure disorder). * MRI contraindications (irremovable metal in body like braces, pacemakers). * Claustrophobia. * Having a parent that is not competent to consent (e.g., severe intellectual disability would have triggered exclusion) or under 18 years of age.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

neurodevelopmental disorder

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Neurodevelopmental disorders Pollution; exposure

How to take part

Only the study team decides who joins. These are the ways to reach them.

  1. The places running it

    2 sites in 2 countries. The list below names each one and where it is.

  2. The official record

    The full official record for this study. This one lists no contact details, but it is the first place any would appear.

    Open the record ↗

  3. A doctor treating you

    A doctor who knows your case can contact a study site on your behalf, and can tell you whether this study is worth pursuing at all.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • New York State Psychiatric Institute

    New York, New York, 10032, United States

  • University of Puerto Rico

    San Juan, Puerto Rcio, 00921, Puerto Rico

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