Could a single, smarter surgery spare bladder cancer patients a second operation?

This study compares two approaches for treating non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The standard approach uses two surgeries: one to remove the tumor and a second to check for leftover cancer. The new approach uses a single, enhanced surgery with a special dye and light to better see and remove all cancer at once. The goal is to see if the single surgery is as safe and effective as the two-step method, potentially saving patients from an extra procedure.